Subprocess

Added in version 2.40.

class Subprocess(**properties: Any)

Superclasses: Object

Implemented Interfaces: Initable

Constructors:

Subprocess(**properties)
new(argv:list, flags:Gio.SubprocessFlags) -> Gio.Subprocess

Constructors

class Subprocess
classmethod new(argv: Sequence[str], flags: SubprocessFlags) → Subprocess

Create a new process with the given flags and varargs argument list. By default, matching the spawn_async() defaults, the child’s stdin will be set to the system null device, and stdout/stderr will be inherited from the parent. You can use flags to control this behavior.

The argument list must be terminated with None.

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

  • argv

  • flags – flags that define the behaviour of the subprocess

Methods

class Subprocess
communicate(stdin_buf: Bytes | None = None, cancellable: Cancellable | None = None) → tuple[bool, Bytes, Bytes]

Communicate with the subprocess until it terminates, and all input and output has been completed.

If stdin_buf is given, the subprocess must have been created with STDIN_PIPE. The given data is fed to the stdin of the subprocess and the pipe is closed (ie: EOF).

At the same time (as not to cause blocking when dealing with large amounts of data), if STDOUT_PIPE or STDERR_PIPE were used, reads from those streams. The data that was read is returned in stdout and/or the stderr.

If the subprocess was created with STDOUT_PIPE, stdout_buf will contain the data read from stdout. Otherwise, for subprocesses not created with STDOUT_PIPE, stdout_buf will be set to None. Similar provisions apply to stderr_buf and STDERR_PIPE.

As usual, any output variable may be given as None to ignore it.

If you desire the stdout and stderr data to be interleaved, create the subprocess with STDOUT_PIPE and STDERR_MERGE. The merged result will be returned in stdout_buf and stderr_buf will be set to None.

In case of any error (including cancellation), False will be returned with error set. Some or all of the stdin data may have been written. Any stdout or stderr data that has been read will be discarded. None of the out variables (aside from error) will have been set to anything in particular and should not be inspected.

In the case that True is returned, the subprocess has exited and the exit status inspection APIs (eg: get_if_exited(), get_exit_status()) may be used.

You should not attempt to use any of the subprocess pipes after starting this function, since they may be left in strange states, even if the operation was cancelled. You should especially not attempt to interact with the pipes while the operation is in progress (either from another thread or if using the asynchronous version).

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

  • stdin_buf – data to send to the stdin of the subprocess, or None

  • cancellable – a Cancellable

communicate_async(stdin_buf: Bytes | None = None, cancellable: Cancellable | None = None, callback: Callable[[...], None] | None = None, *user_data: Any) → None

Asynchronous version of communicate(). Complete invocation with communicate_finish().

Parameters:

  • stdin_buf – Input data, or None

  • cancellable – Cancellable

  • callback – Callback

  • user_data – User data

communicate_finish(result: AsyncResult) → tuple[bool, Bytes, Bytes]

Complete an invocation of communicate_async().

Parameters:

result – Result

communicate_utf8(stdin_buf: str | None = None, cancellable: Cancellable | None = None) → tuple[bool, str, str]

Like communicate(), but validates the output of the process as UTF-8, and returns it as a regular NUL terminated string.

On error, stdout_buf and stderr_buf will be set to undefined values and should not be used.

Parameters:

  • stdin_buf – data to send to the stdin of the subprocess, or None

  • cancellable – a Cancellable

communicate_utf8_async(stdin_buf: str | None = None, cancellable: Cancellable | None = None, callback: Callable[[...], None] | None = None, *user_data: Any) → None

Asynchronous version of communicate_utf8(). Complete invocation with communicate_utf8_finish().

Parameters:

  • stdin_buf – Input data, or None

  • cancellable – Cancellable

  • callback – Callback

  • user_data – User data

communicate_utf8_finish(result: AsyncResult) → tuple[bool, str, str]

Complete an invocation of communicate_utf8_async().

Parameters:

result – Result

force_exit() → None

Use an operating-system specific method to attempt an immediate, forceful termination of the process. There is no mechanism to determine whether or not the request itself was successful; however, you can use wait() to monitor the status of the process after calling this function.

On Unix, this function sends %SIGKILL.

Added in version 2.40.

get_exit_status() → int

Check the exit status of the subprocess, given that it exited normally. This is the value passed to the exit() system call or the return value from main.

This is equivalent to the system WEXITSTATUS macro.

It is an error to call this function before wait() and unless get_if_exited() returned True.

Added in version 2.40.

get_identifier() → str | None

On UNIX, returns the process ID as a decimal string. On Windows, returns the result of GetProcessId() also as a string. If the subprocess has terminated, this will return None.

Added in version 2.40.

get_if_exited() → bool

Check if the given subprocess exited normally (ie: by way of exit() or return from main()).

This is equivalent to the system WIFEXITED macro.

It is an error to call this function before wait() has returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_if_signaled() → bool

Check if the given subprocess terminated in response to a signal.

This is equivalent to the system WIFSIGNALED macro.

It is an error to call this function before wait() has returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_status() → int

Gets the raw status code of the process, as from waitpid().

This value has no particular meaning, but it can be used with the macros defined by the system headers such as WIFEXITED. It can also be used with spawn_check_wait_status().

It is more likely that you want to use get_if_exited() followed by get_exit_status().

It is an error to call this function before wait() has returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_stderr_pipe() → InputStream | None

Gets the InputStream from which to read the stderr output of subprocess.

The process must have been created with STDERR_PIPE, otherwise None will be returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_stdin_pipe() → OutputStream | None

Gets the OutputStream that you can write to in order to give data to the stdin of subprocess.

The process must have been created with STDIN_PIPE and not STDIN_INHERIT, otherwise None will be returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_stdout_pipe() → InputStream | None

Gets the InputStream from which to read the stdout output of subprocess.

The process must have been created with STDOUT_PIPE, otherwise None will be returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_successful() → bool

Checks if the process was “successful”. A process is considered successful if it exited cleanly with an exit status of 0, either by way of the exit() system call or return from main().

It is an error to call this function before wait() has returned.

Added in version 2.40.

get_term_sig() → int

Get the signal number that caused the subprocess to terminate, given that it terminated due to a signal.

This is equivalent to the system WTERMSIG macro.

It is an error to call this function before wait() and unless get_if_signaled() returned True.

Added in version 2.40.

send_signal(signal_num: int) → None

Sends the UNIX signal signal_num to the subprocess, if it is still running.

This API is race-free. If the subprocess has terminated, it will not be signalled.

This API is not available on Windows.

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

signal_num – the signal number to send

wait(cancellable: Cancellable | None = None) → bool

Synchronously wait for the subprocess to terminate.

After the process terminates you can query its exit status with functions such as get_if_exited() and get_exit_status().

This function does not fail in the case of the subprocess having abnormal termination. See wait_check() for that.

Cancelling cancellable doesn’t kill the subprocess. Call force_exit() if it is desirable.

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

cancellable – a Cancellable

wait_async(cancellable: Cancellable | None = None, callback: Callable[[...], None] | None = None, *user_data: Any) → None

Wait for the subprocess to terminate.

This is the asynchronous version of wait().

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

  • cancellable – a Cancellable, or None

  • callback – a AsyncReadyCallback to call when the operation is complete

  • user_data – user_data for callback

wait_check(cancellable: Cancellable | None = None) → bool

Combines wait() with spawn_check_wait_status().

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

cancellable – a Cancellable

wait_check_async(cancellable: Cancellable | None = None, callback: Callable[[...], None] | None = None, *user_data: Any) → None

Combines wait_async() with spawn_check_wait_status().

This is the asynchronous version of wait_check().

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

  • cancellable – a Cancellable, or None

  • callback – a AsyncReadyCallback to call when the operation is complete

  • user_data – user_data for callback

wait_check_finish(result: AsyncResult) → bool

Collects the result of a previous call to wait_check_async().

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

result – the AsyncResult passed to your AsyncReadyCallback

wait_finish(result: AsyncResult) → bool

Collects the result of a previous call to wait_async().

Added in version 2.40.

Parameters:

result – the AsyncResult passed to your AsyncReadyCallback

Properties

class Subprocess
props.argv: Sequence[str]

Argument vector.

Added in version 2.40.

props.flags: SubprocessFlags

Subprocess flags.

Added in version 2.40.